Huterer and Shafer authored this excellent review paper: Dark energy two decades after: Observables, probes, consistency tests [arxiv:1709.01091]. They list 5 primary and 6 other probes for DE in Table 1, with details in section 5 and section 6 of the paper. An image clip of Table 1 is shown below.

From the wikipedia article on cosmic voids: “As the Sachs–Wolfe effect is only significant if the universe is dominated by radiation or dark energy, the existence of voids is significant in providing physical evidence for dark energy.”

The first graphic below is from an excellent Ethan Siegel article: This Is How Astronomers Will Resolve The Expanding Universe Controversy. It's a great overall review on this topic.

His comments on it: “Modern measurement tensions from the distance ladder (red) with early signal data from the CMB and BAO (blue) shown for contrast. It is plausible that the early signal method is correct and there’s a fundamental flaw with the distance ladder; it’s plausible that there’s a small-scale error biasing the early signal method and the distance ladder is correct, or that both groups are right and some form of new physics (shown at top) is the culprit. But right now, we cannot be sure.(ADAM RIESS (PRIVATE COMMUNICATION))”